The structure
of soil is of very great importance in the determining of its fertility. Organic
matters bring without controversy the most important factors which are present
in the formation of soil with a good structure.
Soil with a
very good structure provides the best conditions for supplying water and
nutrients to the plant, these conditions are attained as a result of reciprocal
processes, one of them aerobic, on the surface of the crumbs and the other,
anaerobic that is within the crumbs.
The best
water and nutrient regimes are produced in soil with a fine crumb
macrostructure in which the aggregate size is 1-3mm. this type of structure is
formed under a cover of perennial grass legume vegetation. The prerequisite
which were believed to be necessary to the formation of soil good structure are;
- The formation of active humus of ulmic and humic acid type
- The consolidation of the soil particle under pressure from highly branched root system of grasses
- The penetration into the soil crumbs of the highly dispersed solutions of ulmin and humic acid
- The conversion of these acid into the stage of cement mainly by means calcium supplied by the roots of the legumes from the lower to the upper.
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