There no specific osmoregulatory organ in higher
plants, stomata are important in the regulation of water which is loss through
evapotranspiration, and on the cellular level the vacuole is crucial in the
regulation of the concentration of solutes in the cytoplasm. Factors such as
low humidity, strong wind and high temperature all increases evapotranspiration
from leaves. Abscisic acid is an important hormone in the helping of plant to
conserve water.
The problem of obtaining water is shared with plant
and animal, but the loss of water in plants is crucial to create a driving
force to carry nutrient from the soil to the tissues. Method of water
conservation has been evolved by certain plant.
Plant that can survive in dry habitats such as the
desert are called Xerophytes and are also able to withstand prolonged period of
water shortage. Plant such as cacti
store water in the vacuoles of large parenchyma tissues, while other plants
have their leaves modified to reduce water loss, such as needle shaped leaves,
thick and sunken stomata, Waxy cuticles as in the pine.
Plant in water habitats are Hydrophytes. They grow
mostly in water or in wet or damp areas. In these plants the water absorption takes
place through the whole surface of plant like the water lily.
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